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情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞）是協(xié)助主動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成限定動(dòng)詞詞組，無(wú)力例外地帶有不帶to的不定式。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞多半是一詞多義；在肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，往往意義不盡相同。而且“時(shí)”不是時(shí)間區(qū)別的主要標(biāo)志，例如現(xiàn)在時(shí)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不一定表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，過(guò)去時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也不一定表示過(guò)去時(shí)間。

⑴ Talking about ability and inability

We use can/can't and could/couldn't to talk about ability or inability.They are followed by the infinitive without to .

注意：can 的過(guò)去時(shí)是could，否定形式是can't.（can't的過(guò)去時(shí)是couldn't）

例句：

Anna can speak French,but she can't speak Chinese.

Max could walk when he was a year ago,but he couldn't talk until he was two.

Can Anna speak French?

Yes,she can.

Can Anna speak Chinese?

No, she can't.

Could Max walk when he was one?

Yes,he could.

Could he talk when he was one?

No, he couldn't.

⑵  Talking about possibility

We use might,may and could to talk about possibilities in the present or the future.

①We use can to talk about possibilities in the present but not in the future.These modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without to.

例句：

It might be very hot tommorrow.

We may go swimming this afternoon.

There could be a storm later this evening.

It can snow here in April,but it doesn't often happen.

②To talk about negative possibilities we can use may not or might not,but notcan not or could not.

例句：

Laura is not feeling well,so she may not go to school today.

You have to accept that you might not win the lottery this week.

注意：

①The form of these verbs never changes. For example,we cannot say he cans/They mighted.

②We can use May I···？or Could I···？to ask for permission.

May I sit here？

③We rarely use the short form mightn't. We don't use mayn't.

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